A child from birth to a year: stages of development by months

The pregnancy has come to an end and the long-awaited baby is born. And after a while, many parents who are not yet sufficiently experienced have a lot of worries and questions: is their baby developing normally, is he able to do everything for his age. In this article, we will consider how the physical and mental development of a child up to a year takes place by months.

In the first year of life, the baby learns everything - follow, smile, grab, sit, crawl, stand, walk. Each new success undoubtedly pleases all parents. There is a calendar, thanks to which you can monitor the skills of the crumbs. However, it is important to consider that the development of a child up to a year occurs individually, because all children are different. For example, if a baby does not do something at five months, then he will definitely do it at six. Plus/minus a month is the norm.

Consider what changes occur in the development of children from birth to one year of age.

Child development table up to a year

Child development by months

2nd month

• weight gain 800 g, height 3 cm;
• a child at 2 months continues to sleep and eat a lot;
• begins to realize that his crying is a means of communication with adults, therefore, when he is hungry, cold, bored, hurt, hot, he begins to scream loudly, informing others about it;
• begins to respond with a wide smile to the smile of an adult;
• can see at a distance of about 50 cm;
• lying on his stomach can raise his head and hold it for about 10 seconds;
• lying on its side can roll over on its back;
• many children at 2 months begin to walk, pronouncing the sounds “a”, “o”, “e”, combining them with grumbling, screeching, champing.
• can follow a bright toy if it is slowly moved directly in front of him;
• in the arms in an upright position, the baby does not hold the head for long;
• turns his head to the source of the sound and looks for it with his eyes.

Every baby learns a lot in the first year of life. Don't worry if he doesn't know how to do something. After all, each child is individual, something is not yet possible to master, but something is better. In no case should a baby be compared with other babies or with the developmental standards described above. You can only compare him with himself, what he was a month ago, and what he has become now.

The development of the baby is under the vigilant control of physicians, especially the first year after birth. Mom should visit the local pediatrician every month in order to check height, weight, circumference chest and baby's head. All these activities are carried out in order to timely identify possible deviations in its development.

Doctors in pediatric practice are guided by a table of child development up to 1 year by month. The neurologist has his own, which allows you to monitor the mental development of the baby. Of course, we all understand that there can be no clear age norms - all children grow according to an individual schedule, but it’s still worth listening to the average indicators of a table of child development parameters up to a year old.

Child development table up to a year (height and weight)

Some babies are born real heroes - more than 4 kg and with a large height of 58 cm, while others have a slender build, and therefore may not gain the prescribed kilograms and centimeters.

All these parameters in the table vary from minimum to maximum, but deviations from the norm are already causing some concern for physicians. In the first months of life, children gain up to one kilogram, but subsequently lower this bar and no longer grow so intensively, adding only about 300-600 grams per month.

Pediatricians pay less attention to growth, since it does not reflect whether the baby is eating properly, but only indicates its genetic component. But height, together with weight, is used in the formula for calculating the minimum and maximum body mass index, which means that it must still be measured. The parameter is calculated using the following formula:

BMI = weight / height of the child squared.

The same information content as weight with height, have indicators of the volume of the chest and head. Too actively growing head may indicate hydrocephalus or rickets. The table of physical development of children up to a year can be found directly at the pediatrician's appointment.

Table of neuropsychic development of children up to a year

At one month, at three, at six months and at one year old, the pediatrician sends the baby to an appointment with a pediatric neurologist. The doctor must make sure that the psychomotor development of the baby corresponds to the norm, which is indicated in a specially designed table. At a certain time, the child should begin to react to others, walk, roll over from his back to his stomach and back, crawl, sit, walk.

Every newborn baby is unique in its own way. At the same time, there are general norms for the development of babies by age, starting from the first month of life and up to a year. Back in 2006, the World Health Organization was engaged in the creation of tables of growth and weight norms for children up to a year. Assessment of the physical development of the baby is the main parameter used by doctors at the time of the patronage examination.

In order to accurately assess the condition of the crumbs during the neonatal period, indicators such as weight, height, motor abilities and teething.

Age and weight tables for children under one year old are an aid used by Russian pediatricians to examine a baby after birth.

Even an insignificant deviation from one or another indicator, which you will see in the table, will alarm in any case. We remind you that the baby will not necessarily have full matches that can be checked against the table, and inappropriate values ​​\u200b\u200bmay be due to some reasons.

Children say: The five-year-old daughter of a friend proudly announces:
- I really like apples. When I was in my mother's tummy, my mother ate apples, and I saw how they swim around me.

Child development by months: instructions from Komarovsky

Important! At the first sign of a deviation in the physical development of a newborn from the norm, consult a doctor.

For clarity, analyze the data in the table.

Lullaby for newborns:

Already like a dream walked around the bench

Sandman wandered on the floor

Sandman wandered on the floor

Wandered to our Masha

I wandered into her bed,

She lay down on the pillow.

Lie down on the pillow

She hugged Masha.

Deviations from the norm and how to deal with them?

Why is the child underweight?

In fact, solid reasons for concern appear only with a complete diagnosis of the state of development of the baby and with the detection of dystrophy in him. In other cases, tabular data can only roughly guide you. It's not scary if the baby is underweight by 500-800 g, as indicated in the table of norms for a certain month. Most likely, he will catch up in the next period.

Evgeny Komarovsky answers this question in our video.

Have you ever thought, perhaps the baby is malnourished or your baby is not enough for him? breast milk? This, of course, is another indicator of underweight. Try to increase the caloric intake of lactation, eat foods containing the necessary nutrients. If the baby is more than six months old, introduce additional complementary foods.

Note! Do not give to a newborn without consulting a pediatrician. They can negatively affect the development of the baby.

My child is overweight

You probably have too nutritious milk or the baby eats too often. In such situations, if there is no diagnosis of obesity, doctors recommend that mothers go on a low-fat diet and feed the baby according to the regimen. In case of diagnosis of diseases of dystrophy or obesity, appropriate treatment is prescribed. Sometimes complications during labor, signs of progressive rickets, asphyxia, malnutrition and fetus are considered a negative consequence of deviations.

During the first 12 months, the child develops especially actively. And although all babies go through different stages of development on their individual schedule, there are some common signs that most children of the same age have. To determine whether the baby is developing normally and whether it is necessary to inform the pediatrician about any problems, parents should know how the baby grows and what skills the baby acquires in the first year of life.

Parents need to know if the child is developing according to age in order to contact a specialist in time in case of deviations.

Child Development Indicators

First of all, the physical development of the baby is evaluated, the indicators of which are:

1. Child's weight. This indicator is very important for the baby. In the first days after childbirth, the baby loses a little in normal weight, but then it should only add. Typically, a baby's weight will double its birth weight by 6 months of age and triple by 12 months of age.
2. The growth of the baby, indicators of the circumference of the head and chest. During the first year, the child grows in length by about 25-27 centimeters, while in the first months the baby grows especially actively, adding 3 cm in height, and in the second half of the year - only 1-2 cm monthly.
3. Static and motor functions. Assess the child's ability to hold his head, grab and hold objects, roll over, sit, crawl, stand on his feet, walk, and others.
4. Presence of teeth. The first teeth (incisors at the bottom) usually appear by 6 months of age. The normal number of teeth for a baby is calculated by subtracting the number 4 from the age in months. By the age of one, most babies erupt 8 teeth.

The emotional and mental development of the crumbs is evaluated according to the following indicators:

1. Baby emotions. A one-month-old child begins to smile, and at the age of 3 months it brightens up when an adult speaks. The grown-up peanut shows more and more emotions, both negative and positive.
2. Speech development. The first sounds that the baby makes are grunting and sniffing, but by the end of the first month, the baby begins to walk. As the baby grows, it first begins to babble, and then pronounces its first words. By the age of one year, an infant's speech contains an average of about ten words.
3. Manipulation with toys and games. At first, the baby grabs toys reflexively, but later begins to grab them purposefully. Growing up, the little one studies their properties and learns different ways of playing.
4. Understanding the words and intonation of adult speech- Starts at 6 months of age. The child begins to respond to the words of an adult, if they are accompanied by gestures, recognizes his name, looks for familiar objects in response to an adult's question.

The emotional and mental development of the crumbs is no less important than the physical

Calendar-table of child development from birth to a year

Every month, the baby not only gains weight and body length, but also pleases parents with new skills. Traditionally, the development of a child of the first year is noted by months. We have collected the main features of the development of the child in the following table:

See what the famous pediatrician E. Komarovsky thinks about the early development of the child in the next video.

Newborn

Immediately after birth, the baby begins to adapt to new living conditions, and his parents to their new responsibilities. The main need of the crumbs during this period is bodily contact with the mother.

The first reflexes must be checked by a pediatrician

• Most of the time the baby spends in a dream. The baby’s sleep is deep, when the baby’s body is completely relaxed and the eyes are closed, as well as shallow, in which the baby’s limbs can move and breathing is uneven. When feeding, the newborn may doze off.
• The baby responds to cold, hunger, pain, a wet diaper, heat and other irritants by crying.
• The child has unconditioned reflexes of grasping, searching, swimming, walking and sucking. Their presence must be checked by pediatricians. Some of these reflexes disappear with time.
• During this period, the nutrition of the crumbs is very important, the best option of which would be mother's milk. The baby eats very often (usually with an interval of 1-2 hours), including at night.
• If you put the baby on the tummy, then the baby will try to raise his head. Some babies can do this for a few seconds.
• The child can hold his gaze on a stationary object, and also react to the appearance of a sharp sound.

Watch the following video, which talks about what happens to a baby in the first month after birth.

1 month

During the first month, the child grows by an average of 3 cm and adds about 600 g of weight.

• The baby is already consciously smiling at the adult and trying to hold his head, but so far he can only do this for a few seconds.
• The baby can already stop looking not only at stationary, but also at moving objects, if they are bright and large.
• Sharp loud sounds cause a pronounced reaction in a monthly peanut - usually the child shudders or freezes, but may also start to cry.
• If you go up to the baby and smile at him, you will cause the baby to revitalize. The child will smile back and begin to move his arms and legs.
• The baby begins to utter, in response to conversations and a smile of an adult, sounds resembling “ha”, “gee” or something similar, therefore such a “speech” of a little one is called gurgling.

Already in a month, the baby begins to react more clearly to sounds and emotions.

2 months

Compared with the weight and height of 1 month, the little one becomes 700-1000 g (average 800 g) and 3 cm larger.

• The baby begins to spend more time in a state of wakefulness. On average, the baby does not sleep for about 15 minutes per hour. At this age, babies do not yet know how to distinguish between night and day, so they can stay awake at night.
• A two-month-old toddler has already learned to hold his head for about a minute, as well as roll over from a side position to his back. If you put a finger in the palm of your baby, the baby will grab it tightly. The tone of the arms has almost passed, but the legs are still preserved.
• A 2-month-old baby is actively cooing, fixing his gaze on both stationary and moving objects. Seeing a bright object, the baby freezes. Of all the sounds heard, the little one already knows how to distinguish a person’s speech, and in response to an adult’s address and smile, the baby also smiles.

At three months, the child becomes, as a rule, calmer.

3 months

During the third month of life, the baby, on average, adds 750 g and grows in length by 3 cm. The baby has been awake for longer - about 1-1.5 hours. At this time, you need to talk with the baby, hug him, show everything around.

• The baby confidently holds his head if he is held vertically. Lying on his tummy, the baby rests on the surface with his elbows and forearms and raises his head. If you take the little one under the armpits, then it will firmly rest against the surface with its legs. Also, the baby begins to turn from the position on the back to the side.
• The child is already looking at objects in his environment for a long time and with concentration. He is attracted to bright toys and everything that happens around him.
• In addition to vowels, consonants appear in the child's speech. The baby begins to show different emotions - if he is dissatisfied, he cries loudly, and when he is happy, he moves his arms, smiles, makes sounds, laughs. At the same time, the emotions of the crumbs become clear to parents.
• There is already no hypertonicity in the palms of the crumbs. The child reaches out with his hands to the toys, trying to grab them. He also tries to study his body - touches his face, sucks his hands, catches his legs.

It is more interesting to communicate with the baby

4 months

By the age of four months, compared with the previous month, the child gains an average of 700-800 g of weight and grows in length by 2.5 cm. The baby has already developed a certain daily routine, and sleep at night is longer.

• The baby has already learned not only to hold his head well and turn it to the side, but also to roll over on his tummy from a position on his back. Lying on her stomach, the baby can already lean on her palms and rise to look at everything around. When the baby lies on his back, he also already raises both his head and shoulders. So the baby makes the first attempts to sit down.
• The baby already manages his hands well, grabs toys that hang, feels them, pulls them into his mouth, throws them, knocks. When the baby eats, he wraps his arms around the mother's breast or bottle.
• The baby hums for a long time, reacts with a smile or laughter to the speech of an adult, music, his own reflection in the mirror. Mom may notice that the little one likes some toys more.
• Formula-fed toddlers begin to introduce complementary foods, introducing the baby to porridge or vegetables. Toddlers on breastfeeding still eat only mother's milk, which is enough for them.

At 4 months, the child can rise a little to look at the desired object.

5 months

For the fifth month, the growth of the baby increases by 2-2.5 cm, and the weight - by about 600-700 grams.

• The physical activity of the crumbs increases. To flips from the back to the tummy, flips back are added - from the position lying on the stomach to the back. Many toddlers at the age of 5 months can already sit, but at the same time the back of the child is bent. With support under the armpits, the baby is already on straight legs.
• If an adult gives a toy to a five-month-old toddler, the baby takes it with his hands. At the same time, the baby can hold objects in both hands for at least 20 seconds.
• A 5-month-old child already reacts differently to the faces of relatives and strangers. He recognizes his mother's voice, while distinguishing whether she speaks affectionately or strictly.
• When a five-month-old baby is awake, he hums for a long time, pronouncing the sounds in a singsong voice.

Stimulate the development of the child, but do not force him

6 months

For the sixth month, the baby adds about 600 grams of weight and about 2 cm of height.

• A six-month-old toddler has already learned to sit without any support, but many children do not yet know how to sit on their own. Many babies at this age begin to learn to crawl around the room, but some only learn to stand on all fours and sway. If you take the baby by both hands and pull it up a little, then the baby will rise to its feet. Holding the baby by the chest, parents notice the first attempts of the baby to step over the legs.
• The child already easily grabs objects, and if the toy falls out of his hand, he picks it up. He can transfer an item from one pen to another.
• A six-month-old baby babbles a lot and begins to pronounce syllables, but so far they do not have any semantic meaning. Parents can hear from the little one "ma", "yes", "ba" and other syllables, the number of which is increasing daily.
• A six-month-old baby already knows his name, and can also look for a large object that his mother tells him about.
• Many babies of six months are wary of strangers or even afraid of strangers. At the same time, they like other children. They watch them with interest and even begin to repeat their actions.
• At 6 months of age, some babies have their first teeth. They cut through the lower jaw.
• A six-month-old baby can already eat from a spoon, removing food with his lips. It is from six months that the introduction of complementary foods for children who were previously fed only with mother's milk begins. In infants on artificial feeding By this age, the diet is already expanding significantly.

At 6 months, the fun begins: the child learns to crawl and receives the first complementary foods

7 months

During the seventh month of life, the child gains from 400 to 600 g, and his height increases by 2 centimeters.

• A seven-month-old toddler sits confidently and crawls quite quickly. If you hold the baby by both hands, he stands steadily and tries to step over with his legs.
• At this age, the baby is occupied with toys for a long time. The child is interested in studying them, shifting from one hand to another, throwing, breaking, opening and performing other manipulations.
• A 7-month-old child not only knows how to eat from a spoon, but also learned to drink from a mug, although the mug itself is still being held by an adult.
• A seven-month-old baby carefully listens to the speech of adults, if he is told about a familiar object that is in a room in a permanent place, then the baby will find this object with his eyes. Also, the child is already familiar with his mirror image and knows how to show some parts of the body.
• Seven months is the age at which the first teeth erupt in most children. Some babies are just getting their first lower incisors, while some already have 2 teeth and are expected to have upper incisors.

At 7 months, the baby crawls quickly, mastering almost the entire room

8 months

Compared to the indicators of 7 months, the child becomes 1.5 centimeters taller and gains weight by about 400-500 grams.

• An eight-month-old baby crawls well and is well oriented in space. The child already easily gets up, holding the handles for a solid support. Standing on its feet, the baby sways and springs, and then can sit down on its own. Take the baby under the armpits, and you will notice that the baby is ready to take the first steps with your support.
• The peanut for 8 months is constantly busy training his hands. He deftly shifts the toys, presses the buttons, rolls the ball.
• The babbling of an eight-month-old baby is already becoming clear enough. The child pronounces syllables and repeats them often, so he gets "ba-ba-ba" or "ma-ma-ma."
• The child treats people differently - acquaintances make him smile, strangers scare him, other children become an object of interest, and the departure of his mother is very upsetting. Also, the child reacts sharply to unexpected sounds and noise.
• If you ask the baby about finding objects familiar to him, the baby will quickly find with his eyes. At the request, the child can give a pen, make "patties".
• The eight-month-old peanut menu is expanding. The child can already hold cookies, bread, crackers in his hand and bite off pieces.

The child can stand up by holding on to a support

9 months

During the ninth month of life, the baby adds about 400-500 grams and becomes 1.5 cm taller.

• The peanut reinforces previously acquired motor skills. During this period, the child's body is intensively preparing for independent walking. The child deftly crawls, easily gets up, grabbing furniture, steps over with his feet. Many babies are already trying to stand without support, and someone is taking their first steps.
• In manipulations with objects and games, the child actively imitates adults and other children. He can take a toy out of the box and hide it back, find an object at the request, take one toy out of another, roll the car.
• The nine-month-old toddler really likes music. Hearing her sounds, he dances to the beat, stamps his feet, claps his hands.
• In many children at this age, the second incisors begin to erupt - first the upper and then the lower.

Daily gymnastics with your child will be a great solution

10 months

In growth for the tenth month, the baby adds from 1 to 1.5 cm, and in weight - about 400 grams.

• The movements of a 10-month-old toddler become more confident. He can sit down from a standing position, stand up, grabbing a support, walk along the support, and also holding his mother's hands with both hands. Some babies can already stand without support or take steps without support. In addition, the child can already climb the step and descend from it.
• The child deftly wields toys, flips through the pages of books. Now he takes tiny objects not with the whole palm, but with only two fingers. The kid is already good at complex actions - pick up a toy, open and close a drawer or box, hide an object, eat with a spoon, roll cars, build a tower of 2-3 cubes.
• The child pronounces many syllables and even separate words are obtained from them. He can call different objects by a certain syllable. The kid understands the speech of an adult well, can answer a request, repeat a movement, show parts of the body.

Many children at this age learn to walk diligently, and some already walk on their own.

11 months

For the eleventh month, the child gains approximately 350-400g, and his height becomes 1-1.5 cm longer.

• The child of 11 months moves a lot and actively. The child has already learned to stand without support, walks well, holding his mother's hand. Seeing a favorite toy on the floor, the baby can either sit down without holding on to the support, or bend down without squatting.
• The actions of an 11-month-old baby with toys are becoming more dexterous and skillful. The baby has already learned how to assemble a pyramid, add cubes, the Kid really likes musical toys, as well as books with bright illustrations. At the request of the mother, the baby can show the nose and eyes of animals, shake the doll and perform other actions that he learned earlier.
• Words appear in the child's speech, which so far consist of one or two syllables (they are called "lightweight"). The child understands if the mother speaks to him strictly, and is also very happy about the praise.
• An eleven-month-old child begins to show independence - dress, wash, eat with a spoon. The child can already show his desires not only by crying, but also by a glance or a finger, as well as a nod of the head (negative and affirmative) and the word “give”.

WITH early age teach your child to eat with a spoon

12 months

Compared to the previous month, the child has added about 1 cm of height and approximately 350-400 g of weight. By the age of one, babies usually triple their birth weight and weigh an average of 9-10 kg. Average height one year old baby is 74-80 cm.

• The movements of a 12-month-old peanut are very active. Most children of this age already walk independently, they know how to rise from a squatting position.
• In the speech of a peanut for 12 months, you can already count about a dozen simple words. The baby understands the meaning of the words “no”, “give”, “go”, “you can” and many others. The child is able to perform light tasks, for example, set the table, wipe the dust. Also, the baby already knows the names of close adults and children with whom he constantly communicates.
• A child of 12 months is already interested in story games. He can feed his favorite toy, put her to bed.
• The food of a one-year-old peanut becomes very diverse. The child already knows how to chew solid food, independently drink from a cup, eat with a spoon. Also, the crumbs have already developed their own preferences - the child loves some foods, and flatly refuses some foods.

In a year, babies become practically independent in movement and have well-defined preferences.

So the long-awaited holiday has come in your family. You can be congratulated on the addition to the family. You must understand that a very important period has come in the life of the family. Now every day will bring joy and unexpected discoveries.

If we talk about how rapidly and entertainingly the child develops by months, then the first year can be called the brightest. The kid every day learns the world, carefully observes those around him. He learns to smile, sit, crawl, walk. Each baby develops individually, but there are many general criteria that apply to all children. Today our topic is "Child development by months to a year."

First month: getting to know

This period can be considered adaptive in the life of the child. Seventy percent of the time he sleeps. Sleep is very important for a newborn. The physical is especially noticeable. It grows by an average of 3 centimeters. His body gets used to a new, unfamiliar environment. During wakefulness, the baby randomly waves his arms clenched into fists and legs bent at the knees. By the end of the 1st month, he can already briefly hold his head, fix his eyes on bright toys, the faces of his parents, and clearly make vowel sounds. Specialists in pediatrics are sure that it is very important to attach the baby to the mother's breast in the first two hours after birth. At this time, an invisible contact appears between the mother and her offspring. A woman begins to feel the emotions and needs of her baby at a distance.

No less important is nutrition during this period. In the presence of mother's milk and its good quality, the child gains approximately 600 grams per month. There is no need to rush while breastfeeding. For him, this is not just a process of eating - he enjoys the warmth and communication with his mother.

reflexes

At birth, a child has some natural reflexes that help him adapt to a new environment. Some of them are lost in the first months of life. These reflexes are:

Other reflexes remain with the little man for life:

• sneezing
• blinking;
• startle;
• yawn, etc.

By the presence of reflexes in the baby, pediatricians determine the mental development of the child. By the end of the 1st month of a baby’s life, young mothers need not only to surround the child with warmth and care, but also to accustom him to a clear day-night regimen.

Second month: get to know mom

This period of life is sometimes called the time of "revival". The baby can already not only look at your face, but he can also feel your emotional state. When the mother approaches the crib, the child begins to randomly wave his legs and arms. At 2 months, the little man holds his head more confidently. His height increases by about three centimeters, and the weight gain should be about 800 grams.

Third month: we begin to "talk"

The development of a child from month to year is very interesting to observe. Your baby, if you put him on his tummy, can already lean on his forearms, hold his head for a longer time.

During this period, it is important to often turn it on the tummy. This will help digestion, get rid of gases, strengthen the muscles of the neck and back. Make sure that the baby does not lie on its side for a long time - this can provoke a curvature of the spine. life is characterized by the fact that the baby is already more focused on bright toys. He "talks" to himself, can pronounce not only vowels, but also some consonant sounds. He is more interested in the surrounding things and events. He is already becoming a completely independent person - he pulls the nipple out of his mouth, and then tries to put it back on his own. During this month, the child "gets heavier" by another 800 grams and grows by 3 centimeters (average figures).

The period of wakefulness increases to one and a half hours. At this time, take the baby in your arms, talk to him, walk around the room, kiss him, hug him. The correct development of the child from month to year is very important for his further physical and mental health, so you must monitor him very carefully.

Fourth month: hold your head!

During this period, the baby already reacts to the sound, holds his head well. When he lies on his tummy, he leans on his arms and knows how to straighten them. He reaches for toys and can grab them, look at them up close and taste them. And most importantly - the baby is already able to distinguish his mother from other adults. For the fourth month, it increases by about 750 grams, and growth - by 3 centimeters.

Fifth month: learning to crawl

The child by months becomes more intense during this period. This is a kind of new stage in its development. He already knows how to roll over. Some especially active babies try to sit, crawl, stand on their feet. At this time, it is important to hold the baby, learn to walk.

The child already easily distinguishes native people from strangers. He "talks" more confidently, though not yet consciously. In the fifth month, the child will gain about 700 grams in weight, and will grow by about 2 centimeters.

Sixth month: sitting alone

During this period, the baby already knows his name. What changes when Development is fulfilled, the daily regimen moves to a new level. The baby is already much more awake, knows the time of feeding and sleeping well.

Without assistance, the child is able to sit. He holds his toys well, shifts them from pen to pen. Lying on his tummy, the baby pulls up his legs and tries to kneel. He learns to repeat individual syllables - "ba-ba", "ma-ma".

At this time, many mothers begin to actively feed the baby. However, try not to give him sweet and salty foods, because at six months the intestines and kidneys are not yet ready for such a load. The pediatrician will give you individual advice on complementary foods.

At this age, your beloved baby turns into a fidget. He easily rolls over from his back to his tummy or to his side, he knows how to distinguish between objects. If, for example, you ask him to show you a watch, then he, looking around, will definitely show you where they are.

Seventh month: learning to walk

With outside help, the baby can walk around the room, crawls on its own, but mostly backwards.

At this age, kids love to swim. This is due to the fact that they already sit quite confidently and can play with toys in the bath. While bathing, tell the baby what the parts of his body are called, pointing to them. This contributes to memorization, and soon the child will easily show where his leg is, where his finger is.

Changes are observed in the diet of the baby. At this age, cottage cheese and meat are useful for him, which replenish the supply of calcium in the body, which is necessary for the growth and formation of teeth, as well as potassium, which is important for the good functioning of the heart. In addition, the child needs protein for muscle growth. During the seventh month, the baby will gain about 700 grams in weight and 2 centimeters in height.

Month 8: Moving With Confidence

The most important thing at this time is not to leave the child unattended, because he already moves well on his own, sits down. The kid reacts briskly to new toys. He is already able to distinguish dad and mom from strangers in a photograph. Plays with interest in "patties". The baby knows that when saying goodbye to someone, you need to wave your hand, tries to eat on your own.

Ninth month: independent steps

Using a chair, armchair or sofa, the child stands on his own legs and moves around. He often falls, cries, but gets up again. A baby at the age of nine months is happy to repeat words after adults, sometimes individual syllables. Already he can drink from a cup, of course, if an adult supports it from below.

Tenth month: first words

So, almost an adult lives in your family - a child of 10 months. The development of the baby is so fast that you do not have time to enjoy his new achievements. Let's try to celebrate all his successes. During the tenth month, the baby grows by about 1.5 centimeters (since birth, he has grown by about 22 centimeters). During the same period, he will gain 450 grams in weight (the total increase will be about 6.5 kilograms). Naturally, these figures are indicative.

A 10-month-old child, whose development is becoming more and more rapid, sleeps most often 1 time during the day. The duration of the daytime rest is about 2-3 hours. Sometimes a child needs to sleep twice during the day, but one hour each. This mode is suitable for very active children. At night, the child should rest for at least 9-10 hours. Remember - if the baby does not get enough sleep, he will be capricious, refuse to play, eat poorly. The physical and psychological development of the baby is individual. However, if there is a pronounced deviation in the values ​​\u200b\u200bof height or body weight in one direction or the other, it is necessary to consult a specialist to make sure that everything is in order with the health of the baby. Quite often, such violations are the first, and sometimes the only sign of an existing pathology.

At 10 months, the baby is very mobile. He no longer likes to be constantly in the arena, but more movements and a variety of impressions are needed. Most of his time he is in an upright position. The speech of the child also develops significantly. This is no longer a simple imitation of the speech of adults. He carefully pronounces the syllables "ma-ma", "ba-ba", and does it with different intonations.

The menu of a ten-month-old baby is already quite diverse. It includes milk porridge, vegetable puree, cottage cheese, meat, fish, fruits, vegetable puree and juices. Part of the food is of a solid consistency (this contributes to the development of the gastrointestinal tract, the formation of teeth). By the end of the tenth month, the baby should erupt four teeth. It's great if a mother can still breastfeed her baby at this age. This usually happens after a main meal or before bed. However, it happens that babies need such communication with their mother more often.

Eleventh month: imitate adults

What achievements can a child of 11 months boast of? The development of the crumbs continues. The baby can now stand up and stand on his own. Quite confidently, he is able to pass with the help of a chair, holding on to it with one hand. A child at this age likes to imitate adults - opens and closes doors, takes a spoon in his handle and tries to eat on his own. With great pleasure, the baby throws toys on the floor. His fingers have already become very dexterous, and he can easily take the smallest objects.

An 11-month-old child, whose speech development also does not stand still, already quite intelligently pronounces simple words. He already understands a lot, becomes extremely observant and really wants to imitate adults, so during this period, parents need to be especially attentive to their speech, so as not to exclaim later: “Where did he get this?”

Twelfth month: accept congratulations

So you waited for the first birthday. Your baby is 1 year old! With what achievements did he approach his first significant date? To remember how this complex process took place, we advise parents to keep a calendar of child development by months.

Most children at 12 months already begin to walk, and the most active kids even run. At first, the baby holds on to the mother’s hand and carefully takes the first steps, and a little later the baby continues to walk on its own. In his eyes you will see fear and joy at the same time - because he so wants to be like you.

During the first attempts to learn to walk, there should be plenty of free space for the child. The baby should not get hurt and feel pain. This may delay his attempts to learn to walk for a long time.

At the age of one, the child must confidently put the cubes one on top of the other, put rings on the rod. He quite distinctly pronounces 10-12 words. In addition, the baby babbles something in one language he understands. He knows well and gladly shows where his ears, eyes, pens, etc. are.

The kid shows where mom, brother or dad is. The child is already very mobile. This is cool. However, it is necessary to protect the child from injury as much as possible. Carefully inspect the apartment and try to close or soften the corners where the little man can get hurt. And most importantly - do not leave him unattended for a minute, especially if the child is very active.

Today we considered the topic "Child development by months to a year." We hope that our article will help you raise a healthy and strong baby. And one more piece of advice for new moms. If you have any questions regarding the physical or mental development of the baby, do not hesitate to ask your pediatrician once again. Remember that at this stage this is your faithful friend and adviser.